Wnt信號(hào)通路
相關(guān)專題
Wnt family members are secreted glycoproteins who bind to Cell surface receptors such as Frizzled. Wnt members can play a role in the expression of many genes by interacting with multiple disparate signaling pathways. Shown is the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway.
Bifunctional role of the wnt signaling pathway in regulation of osteoblast (bone-forming cell) and osteoclast (bone-resorbing cell) differentiation:Wnt signaling diverts the mesenchymal stem cells down the pathway of osteoblast differentiation. DKK-1 binds to the Wnt receptor complex on the surface of the osteoblast lineage cell and blocks Wnt signaling, arresting osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. The precursors of the mature osteoblast enhance bone resorption by boosting RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Blockade of DKK-1 permits progression of osteoblast differentiation. Activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in the mature osteoblast upregulates OPG, which blocks RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, resulting in inhibition of bone resorption.
Wnt 信號(hào)通路
Models of Wnt signal transduction.(a) Classic model of Wnt signaling. See text for more details. (b) Revised model of Wnt signaling.
wnt和shh信號(hào)通路
Wnt信號(hào)途徑 引自Johan H. van ES 2003:Wnt信號(hào)途徑可概括為:Wnt→Frz→Dsh→β-catenin的降解復(fù)合體解散→β-catenin積累,進(jìn)入細(xì)胞核 →TCF/LEF→基因轉(zhuǎn)錄(如c-myc、cyclinD1)。
參與調(diào)控EMT過程的信號(hào)通路網(wǎng)絡(luò)簡(jiǎn)介:Wnt信號(hào)通路能通過抑制糖原合成酶激酶3β(glycogen synthase kinase -3β,GSK3β)介導(dǎo)的磷酸化作用以及抑制胞質(zhì)中的β連環(huán)蛋白(β-catenin)降解等作用來誘發(fā)EMT轉(zhuǎn)換。胞內(nèi)豐度大量增加的β連環(huán)蛋白會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)移進(jìn)入核內(nèi),作為轉(zhuǎn)錄因子亞單位誘導(dǎo)大量基因的表達(dá),這些靶基因的表達(dá)產(chǎn)物中有很多都是能夠誘導(dǎo)EMT轉(zhuǎn)換過程的轉(zhuǎn)錄因子。
通過基因沉默事件導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞依賴于WNT信號(hào)通路:Wnt信號(hào)通路廣泛存在于無(wú)脊椎動(dòng)物和脊椎動(dòng)物中,是一類在物種進(jìn)化過程中高度保守的信號(hào)通路。Wnt信號(hào)在動(dòng)物胚胎的早期發(fā)育、器官形成、組織再生和其它生理過程中,具有至關(guān)重要的作用。如果這條信號(hào)通路中的關(guān)鍵蛋白發(fā)生突變,導(dǎo)致信號(hào)異常活化,就可能誘導(dǎo)癌癥的發(fā)生。 a 在正常的結(jié)腸上皮細(xì)胞中,分泌性的frizzled相關(guān)蛋白(SFRPs)的功能是與WNT競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性地同Wnt受體Frizzled結(jié)合,從而拮抗Wnt信號(hào)。當(dāng)Wnt信號(hào)識(shí)貨,腺瘤息肉病基因(APC)復(fù)合物磷酸化β-catenin,導(dǎo)致β-catennin講解。這便阻止了β-catenin的核內(nèi)沉積,則不能激活轉(zhuǎn)錄因子(TCF),最終導(dǎo)致細(xì)胞進(jìn)入分化并保持結(jié)腸上皮細(xì)胞處于動(dòng)態(tài)平衡狀態(tài)。b 通過表觀遺傳調(diào)控的基因沉默使得SFRP表達(dá)缺失,即“表觀遺傳調(diào)控門控基因”缺失,Wnt信號(hào)通路激活,促進(jìn)細(xì)胞增殖以及存活而不進(jìn)入分化。c 持續(xù)性的激活Wnt信號(hào)使得信號(hào)通路中的其他分子有可能發(fā)生突變,例如永久性失活A(yù)PC復(fù)合物(圖中為粗體*所示),即“遺傳調(diào)控門控基因”缺失,進(jìn)一步激活Wnt信號(hào)通路,從而促進(jìn)腫瘤的發(fā)展。
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